![]() ![]() ![]() This is how the earliest models were designed, such as the ones Galileo used (they basically work the same way a simple magnifying glass does). The refractor telescopes have lenses inside long tubes that bend (or “refract”) light to a single point of focus. The main difference between refractors and reflectors is that the former uses optical lenses, and the latter uses mirrors. Essentially, there are two major types of telescopes: Refractor and reflector. Best refractor telescope: Gskyer 600x90mm Refractor Telescopeīefore we get into what to look for in the best refractor telescope, it’s important to understand what that is. So, even if you use this as a starting point, it can grow with you in the future. If you do want to expand its capabilities, it’s compatible with a wide range of aftermarket eyepieces thanks to its standard mount. It’s not, however, great for trying to look into deeper space for planet closeups. That’s a relatively wide view of the night sky, which is useful for creating epic starscapes. It comes with a pair of eye pieces, as well as a magnifier, which makes the maximum useful magnification roughly 189x. This 400mm refractor comes with its own smartphone mount, so aspiring astronomers can easily capture photos and videos of what they’re observing. Included smartphone mount for easy astrophotographyĬapturing images of the night sky can be as complicated as you want it to be.Why we picked it: An included smartphone mount, bright aperture, and relatively wide field of view makes capturing epic astro shots relatively simple. Best for beginners: Celestron Astromaster 80AZS Plus, it’s built sturdy so it has a chance to survive the rigors of kid usage. It weighs in around 14 pounds, which makes it easy enough to throw in the car and move around if you’re looking for a better vantage point. The equatorial mount has a slow motion altitude rod to make fine adjustments simpler without the need for super accurate touch. In total, that gives this package a very flexible range from 105x all the way up to 525x. This scope has a 700mm focal length and comes with both a 4mm and a 20mm eyepiece, as well as a 3x magnifier. They set up easily and caring for them is simpler than something with a massive mirror inside. Refractors are a great place to start for kids getting into stargazing. Can’t look as deep into space as reflectors.Two included eyepieces, plus a multiplier for lots of viewing options.Why it made the cut: This refracting telescope is simple to set up, but offers enough options and high-quality optics to allow young astro-nerds to grow into it. Best for kids: Celestron PowerSeeker 70EQ Telescope Once you find what you’re looking for, the paraboloidal mirrors provide a sharp image that cuts down on aberration, which manifests as ugly fringes around the outside of high-contrast objects. You won’t find a ton of bells and whistles here, so be prepared to locate and track objects across the sky on your own. The tube is bulky, but it’s also very light weight so it’s easy to lug around and adjust when it’s sitting on the equatorial mount. This tube offers a 1,000mm focal length that pairs with either a 10mm or 20mm eyepiece for up to 100x magnification. Why it made the cut: Basic reflectors offer a great mix of value and reach and this Coleman model is extremely affordable.īasic reflectors provide a budget-friendly way to get into star gazing. Best value: Coleman Astrowatch Reflector Telescope ![]() Its 2,032mm focal length allows for deep looks into the cosmos depending on which eye piece you select. Celestron offers a wide range of accessories, so it’s relatively simple to mount your camera or even a smartphone camera for capturing epic shots. It’s a Catadioptric design with a massive 8-inch objective, which lets in ample light for viewing dim and distant objects. The telescope itself is no slouch, either. Celestron’s Sky Portal software provides a handy guide to the sky and helps you choose which area you want to observe. Celestron’s automated star tracking system can help you immediately locate specific areas of the sky and then move with them as they appear to travel. ![]() Stars move across the night sky-or at least they appear to.
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![]() “If you’re going to see neutrinos, it has to be from a very, very powerful beast, otherwise you wouldn’t see them at all.” “It makes sense – it cannot be a wimpy blazar,” says Paolo Padovani of the European Southern Observatory. TXS 0506+056 is among the brightest blazars in the gamma-ray sky, which is remarkable given that it lives roughly four billion light-years away, and means that it is a prime candidate for producing very high-energy cosmic rays. “Blazars are some of the most powerful astrophysical sources in the universe,” says Princeton University’s Maria Petropoulou. As it snacks on nearby gas and dust, the black hole produces a jet of extremely energetic particles, which just happens to be pointed in Earth’s direction. Those gamma rays came from a giant elliptical galaxy called TXS 0506+056 that contains a churning supermassive black hole at its core. Jedidah Isler, the first African-American woman to receive a Ph.D in astrophysics from Yale, takes the stage to talk about her love for black holes and her passion to support women of color in the sciences. That included a barrage of highly energetic gamma rays, which the space-based Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope detected. Tucked into that patch of northern sky, a large, faraway object called a blazar had shaken itself awake and started hurling energetic particles into the void. ![]() When scientists retraced this neutrino’s path, it led them to a spot on the sky near the constellation Orion, a location where, nearly simultaneously, several telescopes had spotted a massive cosmic flare. The hit triggered an alert notifying neutrino-hunting astronomers that the chase was on. It packed a whopping 290 TeV of energy- nearly 50 times more powerful than the most energetic proton beams running at the Large Hadron Collider. Then, on September 22, 2017, a single neutrino traveling at nearly the speed of light zinged through Earth and set off IceCube’s detectors. But they’ve been frustratingly hard to pin on a single celestial object, offering scientists only some hints about where their sources might lie. Since 2013, several extremely energetic neutrinos (some whimsically named after Sesame Street characters) have burrowed through the polar ice and registered on IceCube’s sensors. IceCube, which occupies a cubic kilometer of ice beneath the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, uses 5,160 light sensors designed to detect the small flashes of light produced when cosmic neutrinos speeding through Earth do interact with atomic nuclei in the ice. Trillions of solar neutrinos are passing through you right now. Since neutrinos interact only very weakly with other types of matter, even detecting them is no simple feat. Photograph courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech/ESA/Harvard-Smithsonian CfA Located about 12 million light-years away in the Ursa Major constellation, M81 is among the brightest of the galaxies visible by telescope from Earth. Previously, scientists had discovered neutrinos coming from the sun and from nearby supernova remnants, but neither of those sources is powerful enough to sling the most energetic of cosmic particles toward Earth.Ī composite image of the Messier 81 (M81) galaxy shows what astronomers call a "grand design" spiral galaxy, where each of its arms curls all the way down into its center. The results are reported today in three papers appearing in Science and the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. ![]() "It’s exciting, no doubt, to have finally nailed the cosmic accelerator,” says the University of Wisconsin-Madison’s Francis Halzen, lead scientist with IceCube. ![]() The find adds to an emerging era in astronomy when particles other than just photons can be used to study and reveal the cosmos. Leading that charge is the IceCube Neutrino Observatory in Antarctica, which-along with a few of its friends-has at last traced a handful of energetic cosmic neutrinos to a galaxy far, far away. That’s why now, the hunt has focused on neutrinos, chargeless and nearly massless particles that can be reliably traced back to their source. Most cosmic rays, though, have an electrical charge, and their paths get bent by the magnetic fields scattered throughout space, making it difficult to follow their footsteps home. Since then, scientists have been hunting for the astrophysical accelerators responsible for hurling the most tremendously energetic of these particles across the cosmos. In the early 1900s, physicist Victor Hess discovered that Earth is being constantly bombarded by energetic particles coming from outer space, which we now call cosmic rays. A flash of light detected about a mile below the South Pole likely solves a century-old cosmic mystery-and potentially opens up a new kind of astronomy involving ghostly subatomic particles called neutrinos. ![]() ![]() There were 8,597 housing units at an average density of 219.7 per square mile (84.8/km 2). The population density was 544.7 per square mile (210.3/km 2). The 2010 United States census counted 21,314 people, 7,830 households, and 5,794 families in the township. Demographics Historical population Census Portions of the township are owned by the City of Newark, Essex County, for its Pequannock River Watershed, which provides water to the city from an area of 35,000 acres (14,000 ha) that also includes portions of Hardyston Township, Kinnelon, Rockaway Township, Vernon Township, and West Milford. ![]() Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Berkshire Valley, Bowling Green Mountain, Cozy Lake, Espanong, Halsey Island, Hurdtown, Lake Forest, Lake Hopatcong, Lake Swannanoa, Lake Shawnee, Lake Winona, Longwood Mountains, Lower Longwood, Minisink, Moosepac Pond, Newfoundland, Nolans Point, Oak Ridge, Petersburg, Prospect Point, Raccoon Island, Russia, Upper Longwood, Weldon, Woodport, White Rock, and Woodstock. The Jefferson Township Municipal Building, Middle School, High School, Recycling Center and school bus depot are positioned at the boundary between the two halves of the township. In 2026, a new effort will be made to change the mailing address ZIP code to Lake Hopatcong, NJ 07849. In 2016, there was an effort to change the mailing address for the Lake Shawnee section of town from a Wharton, NJ 07885 ZIP code, to a Lake Hopatcong, NJ 07849 ZIP code. Addresses in Lake Hopatcong use either Lake Hopatcong (not to be confused with the Hopatcong mailing city used in the Borough of Hopatcong) or Wharton as their mailing city. Addresses in the Milton section of the township are classified under the Oak Ridge mailing city, which is shared with a portion of West Milford, or in the Newfoundland mailing area, shared with a portion of West Milford and Rockaway Township. Each half has its own first-aid squad, fire department substation and set of elementary schools. The township has two large divisions, Milton and Lake Hopatcong. ![]() The township borders Mount Arlington, Rockaway Township, Roxbury and Wharton in Morris County West Milford in Passaic County and Hardyston Township, Hopatcong and Sparta in Sussex County. The township is situated in the northernmost part of Morris County bordering both Passaic and Sussex counties.Īccording to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 42.77 square miles (110.78 km 2), including 38.90 square miles (100.75 km 2) of land and 3.88 square miles (10.04 km 2) of water (9.06%). The township was named after Thomas Jefferson, the President of the United States at the time the Township was created. Jefferson Township was formed as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 11, 1804, from portions of Pequannock Township and Roxbury. ![]() As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 20,538, a decrease of 776 (−3.6%) from the 2010 census count of 21,314, which in turn reflected an increase of 1,597 (+8.1%) from the 19,717 counted in the 2000 census. Jefferson Township is the northernmost township in Morris County, in the U.S. ![]() ![]() With a click of a button, an entire country could be sent to the stone age from thousands of miles away. Key points of our infrastructure such as the electric grid and telecommunications are also highly susceptible to the threat of an attack.
![]() ![]() While Pixlr X offers a number of advantages, there are also some disadvantages to consider.ġ. Cross-Platform Compatibility: The app is available for both Windows and Mac, making it a great choice for those who use multiple platforms. Runs in a Web Browser: It runs in a web browser, so there’s no need to download and install any software.ĥ. Powerful Tools: A range of tools for adjusting colors, cropping, retouching, and adding special effects such as overlays and frames.Ĥ. Easy to Use: Intuitive and easy to learn, making it suitable for all levels of users.ģ. Free: It’s a free photo editing tool, so there’s no need to purchase a license or pay a subscription fee.Ģ. Pixlr X offers a number of advantages over other photo editing software, including:ġ. So is Pixlr X as good as Adobe Photoshop for non-professionals? Let’s sum up Pixlr X pros & cons, so you can decide if Pixlr deserves a try. But if you need more advanced features and more control over your images, then Photoshop is still the best option. If you’re looking for a powerful and free photo editing tool, Pixlr X is a great choice. So, is Pixlr X as good as Photoshop? The answer depends on your needs. ![]() This makes it a great choice for those who don’t have access to a powerful computer. This makes Pixlr X an excellent choice for those who are on a tight budget or just want to try out a photo editing tool without committing to a long-term purchase.Īnother difference is that Pixlr X runs in a web browser, so there’s no need to download and install any software. Unlike Photoshop, there is no need to purchase a license or pay a subscription fee. The biggest difference between Pixlr X and Photoshop is that Pixlr X is free. It also offers a great selection of filters and stickers. It has a range of tools for adjusting colors, cropping, retouching, and adding special effects such as overlays and frames. Pixlr X is a powerful and easy-to-use photo editor that offers many of the same features that Photoshop does. But is it really the only option? Enter Pixlr X, the latest photo editing tool from the popular online photo editing platform Pixlr. When it comes to photo editing, Photoshop is the gold standard. SEE WHAT CAN YOU DO WITH PIXLR: For example, Pixlr can create awesome before and after pics – read our detailed tutorial! Is Pixlr X as Good as Photoshop? There are two saving alternatives: either upload your pic to online library and share it on Facebook, Twitter or social bookmarks or download the image to your computer. The next step is to apply a art frame to your picture and click the Save button. ![]() Then, spin the wheel in the center and select a creative effect like sparks, blur, haze, stars, pale or black and white. Pixlr start page offers 2 options – take an image via your web camera or upload a file from your PC. Online image editor is really easy and fun to use. Thanks to the Pixlr app, you can edit your pictures the same way across all devices and operational systems. Sharing: Makes it easy to share images with friends and family via social media, email, or a direct link. Stickers: Huge selection of stickers for adding fun and creative elements to images.Ħ. Special Effects: Includes a variety of special effects, such as overlays, frames, and filters.ĥ. Retouching: There are tools for retouching images, including tools for red-eye removal, blemish removal, and more.Ĥ. Cropping: Users to crop images to the desired size and aspect ratio.ģ. Color Adjustment: It offers a range of tools for adjusting colors, including brightness, contrast, saturation, hue, and more.Ģ. Here are top Pixlr X features that deserves to give a try:ġ. Pixlr X is a free online photo editing tool that offers a range of features for adjusting colors, cropping, retouching, and adding special effects. Let’s see why people love Pixlr so much and what can you do with the help of Pixlr app: ![]() Pixlr X is available as a web app, for download (in the bundle with other Pixlr apps, not as a stand-alone tool) and smartphones. Additionally, users can add overlays, borders, and other special effects. With Pixlr Express, users can crop, rotate, adjust colors, add text, apply filters, and add frames and stickers to their photos. It’s an online photo editing tool that allows users to quickly and easily edit, adjust, and add effects to their photos. Pixlr Express or just Pixlr X (formerly Pixlr-o-Matic) free online image editor creates awesome photo effects out of ordinary images. ![]() |